| Test Strategy |
Targets |
Method |
Clinical significance |
| Reversed contrast and blue free background |
 |
 |
Compare acuities, retinal pigment disorders and macular
edema often score 2 lines better with reversed contrast |
Cone /rod disorders, functionally, patients scoring
higher with reversed contrast may benefit from blue filtering lenses |
| 20/200 and 20/200 letter contrast sensitivity (Pelli
Robson/MARS) |
 |
 |
The large size reduces affect of acuity and refractive
error in a similar fashion of MARS and Pelli Robson |
Low contrast sensitivity may indicate retinal edema
with AMD,
DR or retinal tears with PVD. Sensitive for patients with reduced
acuity of any etiology. |
| Spatial frequency contrast sensitivity |
 |

|
Random generation of targets in 5 sine wave frequencies
(1.5..18 cpd) with auto record and graphing |
Manage and monitor refractive surgery patients and
retinal pathologies with sine gratings sensitive to logCS0.02 |
| Mesopic contrast sensitivity |
 |
A new and innovative test to assess the
dark
adaptation and contrast sensitivity under mesopic conditions
(background luminance of 3cd/m2). Measures the just noticeable
difference of luminance. |
Assists in the differential diagnosis and functional
vision of individuals with retinal pigment disorders |
| Random, forced choice stereopsis Howard Dolman |
 |
 |
Howard Dolman simulation random forced choice
method
with interlaced targets for improved clinical accuracy |
Sensitive to 20" , strategies include use in a dark or
light room |
| Amsler grid and color vision screening |
 |
 |
Adjustable size and reverse contrast, color vision
screening is randomly generated |
Adjust grid to correspond with acuity, color isolates
deutanomaly and protanomaly |
| Adjustable Mallet box (James Sheedy) |
 |
 |
Additional fusion locks and adjustable disparity
enhance response |
Measure fixation disparity to assess sensitivity of the
observer |
| Retinoscopy target |
 |
 |
Random character presentation at 20/400 with low
luminance (cartoon for children) |
Maintain fixation for accurate static retinoscopy, the
low luminance reduces reflections |
| Fixation target |
 |
 |
Customize the size to match the acuity |
the animation assists with accurate cover test for
strabismus and phoria assessment |
| Fusion and Suppression |
 |
 |
Worth dot and suppression tests are designed for both
light and dark rooms |
Size adjustable for varying acuities |
| Advanced and improved astigmatism assessment |
 |
 |
Astigmatism detection targets are rotatable, the X-Cyl
test combines acuity and is size adjustable |
Improved power and axis determination and its faster. |
| ETDRS + AO |
 |
 |
Choose the preferred strategy, 10% contrast too for
occupational screening |
Better comparison with pre-existing records with AO
strategy if needed |